wp_list_comments( string|array $args = array(), WP_Comment[] $comments = null )

Displays a list of comments.

Contents

Description Description

Used in the comments.php template to list comments for a particular post.

See also See also

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Parameters Parameters

$args

(string|array) (Optional) Formatting options.

  • 'walker'
    (object) Instance of a Walker class to list comments. Default null.
  • 'max_depth'
    (int) The maximum comments depth.
  • 'style'
    (string) The style of list ordering. Default 'ul'. Accepts 'ul', 'ol'.
  • 'callback'
    (string) Callback function to use. Default null.
  • 'end-callback'
    (string) Callback function to use at the end. Default null.
  • 'type'
    (string) Type of comments to list. Default 'all'. Accepts 'all', 'comment', 'pingback', 'trackback', 'pings'.
  • 'page'
    (int) Page ID to list comments for.
  • 'per_page'
    (int) Number of comments to list per page.
  • 'avatar_size'
    (int) Height and width dimensions of the avatar size. Default 32.
  • 'reverse_top_level'
    (bool) Ordering of the listed comments. If true, will display newest comments first.
  • 'reverse_children'
    (bool) Whether to reverse child comments in the list. Default null.
  • 'format'
    (string) How to format the comments list. Default 'html5' if the theme supports it. Accepts 'html5', 'xhtml'.
  • 'short_ping'
    (bool) Whether to output short pings. Default false.
  • 'echo'
    (bool) Whether to echo the output or return it. Default true.

Default value: array()

$comments

(WP_Comment[]) (Optional) Array of WP_Comment objects.

Default value: null

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Return Return

(void|string) Void if 'echo' argument is true, or no comments to list. Otherwise, HTML list of comments.

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More Information More Information

Default options for $args

$args = array(
	'walker'            => null,
	'max_depth'         => '',
	'style'             => 'ul',
	'callback'          => null,
	'end-callback'      => null,
	'type'              => 'all',
	'page'              => '',
	'per_page'          => '',
	'avatar_size'       => 32,
	'reverse_top_level' => null,
	'reverse_children'  => '',
	'format'            => 'html5', // or 'xhtml' if no 'HTML5' theme support
	'short_ping'        => false,   // @since 3.6
	'echo'              => true     // boolean, default is true
);

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The ‘max_depth‘, ‘per_page‘, and ‘reverse_top_level‘ parameters can be more easily controlled through the Discussion Settings Administration Panel but a theme can override those settings.

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Source Source

File: wp-includes/comment-template.php 

function wp_list_comments( $args = array(), $comments = null ) {
	global $wp_query, $comment_alt, $comment_depth, $comment_thread_alt, $overridden_cpage, $in_comment_loop;

	$in_comment_loop = true;

	$comment_alt        = 0;
	$comment_thread_alt = 0;
	$comment_depth      = 1;

	$defaults = array(
		'walker'            => null,
		'max_depth'         => '',
		'style'             => 'ul',
		'callback'          => null,
		'end-callback'      => null,
		'type'              => 'all',
		'page'              => '',
		'per_page'          => '',
		'avatar_size'       => 32,
		'reverse_top_level' => null,
		'reverse_children'  => '',
		'format'            => current_theme_supports( 'html5', 'comment-list' ) ? 'html5' : 'xhtml',
		'short_ping'        => false,
		'echo'              => true,
	);

	$parsed_args = wp_parse_args( $args, $defaults );

	/**
	 * Filters the arguments used in retrieving the comment list.
	 *
	 * @since 4.0.0
	 *
	 * @see wp_list_comments()
	 *
	 * @param array $parsed_args An array of arguments for displaying comments.
	 */
	$parsed_args = apply_filters( 'wp_list_comments_args', $parsed_args );

	// Figure out what comments we'll be looping through ($_comments).
	if ( null !== $comments ) {
		$comments = (array) $comments;
		if ( empty( $comments ) ) {
			return;
		}
		if ( 'all' != $parsed_args['type'] ) {
			$comments_by_type = separate_comments( $comments );
			if ( empty( $comments_by_type[ $parsed_args['type'] ] ) ) {
				return;
			}
			$_comments = $comments_by_type[ $parsed_args['type'] ];
		} else {
			$_comments = $comments;
		}
	} else {
		/*
		 * If 'page' or 'per_page' has been passed, and does not match what's in $wp_query,
		 * perform a separate comment query and allow Walker_Comment to paginate.
		 */
		if ( $parsed_args['page'] || $parsed_args['per_page'] ) {
			$current_cpage = get_query_var( 'cpage' );
			if ( ! $current_cpage ) {
				$current_cpage = 'newest' === get_option( 'default_comments_page' ) ? 1 : $wp_query->max_num_comment_pages;
			}

			$current_per_page = get_query_var( 'comments_per_page' );
			if ( $parsed_args['page'] != $current_cpage || $parsed_args['per_page'] != $current_per_page ) {
				$comment_args = array(
					'post_id' => get_the_ID(),
					'orderby' => 'comment_date_gmt',
					'order'   => 'ASC',
					'status'  => 'approve',
				);

				if ( is_user_logged_in() ) {
					$comment_args['include_unapproved'] = get_current_user_id();
				} else {
					$unapproved_email = wp_get_unapproved_comment_author_email();

					if ( $unapproved_email ) {
						$comment_args['include_unapproved'] = array( $unapproved_email );
					}
				}

				$comments = get_comments( $comment_args );

				if ( 'all' != $parsed_args['type'] ) {
					$comments_by_type = separate_comments( $comments );
					if ( empty( $comments_by_type[ $parsed_args['type'] ] ) ) {
						return;
					}

					$_comments = $comments_by_type[ $parsed_args['type'] ];
				} else {
					$_comments = $comments;
				}
			}

			// Otherwise, fall back on the comments from `$wp_query->comments`.
		} else {
			if ( empty( $wp_query->comments ) ) {
				return;
			}
			if ( 'all' != $parsed_args['type'] ) {
				if ( empty( $wp_query->comments_by_type ) ) {
					$wp_query->comments_by_type = separate_comments( $wp_query->comments );
				}
				if ( empty( $wp_query->comments_by_type[ $parsed_args['type'] ] ) ) {
					return;
				}
				$_comments = $wp_query->comments_by_type[ $parsed_args['type'] ];
			} else {
				$_comments = $wp_query->comments;
			}

			if ( $wp_query->max_num_comment_pages ) {
				$default_comments_page = get_option( 'default_comments_page' );
				$cpage                 = get_query_var( 'cpage' );
				if ( 'newest' === $default_comments_page ) {
					$parsed_args['cpage'] = $cpage;

					/*
					* When first page shows oldest comments, post permalink is the same as
					* the comment permalink.
					*/
				} elseif ( 1 == $cpage ) {
					$parsed_args['cpage'] = '';
				} else {
					$parsed_args['cpage'] = $cpage;
				}

				$parsed_args['page']     = 0;
				$parsed_args['per_page'] = 0;
			}
		}
	}

	if ( '' === $parsed_args['per_page'] && get_option( 'page_comments' ) ) {
		$parsed_args['per_page'] = get_query_var( 'comments_per_page' );
	}

	if ( empty( $parsed_args['per_page'] ) ) {
		$parsed_args['per_page'] = 0;
		$parsed_args['page']     = 0;
	}

	if ( '' === $parsed_args['max_depth'] ) {
		if ( get_option( 'thread_comments' ) ) {
			$parsed_args['max_depth'] = get_option( 'thread_comments_depth' );
		} else {
			$parsed_args['max_depth'] = -1;
		}
	}

	if ( '' === $parsed_args['page'] ) {
		if ( empty( $overridden_cpage ) ) {
			$parsed_args['page'] = get_query_var( 'cpage' );
		} else {
			$threaded            = ( -1 != $parsed_args['max_depth'] );
			$parsed_args['page'] = ( 'newest' == get_option( 'default_comments_page' ) ) ? get_comment_pages_count( $_comments, $parsed_args['per_page'], $threaded ) : 1;
			set_query_var( 'cpage', $parsed_args['page'] );
		}
	}
	// Validation check.
	$parsed_args['page'] = intval( $parsed_args['page'] );
	if ( 0 == $parsed_args['page'] && 0 != $parsed_args['per_page'] ) {
		$parsed_args['page'] = 1;
	}

	if ( null === $parsed_args['reverse_top_level'] ) {
		$parsed_args['reverse_top_level'] = ( 'desc' == get_option( 'comment_order' ) );
	}

	wp_queue_comments_for_comment_meta_lazyload( $_comments );

	if ( empty( $parsed_args['walker'] ) ) {
		$walker = new Walker_Comment;
	} else {
		$walker = $parsed_args['walker'];
	}

	$output = $walker->paged_walk( $_comments, $parsed_args['max_depth'], $parsed_args['page'], $parsed_args['per_page'], $parsed_args );

	$in_comment_loop = false;

	if ( $parsed_args['echo'] ) {
		echo $output;
	} else {
		return $output;
	}
}

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Uses Uses

Uses
Uses Description
wp-includes/comment.php: wp_get_unapproved_comment_author_email()

Get unapproved comment author’s email.
wp-includes/comment.php: wp_queue_comments_for_comment_meta_lazyload()

Queues comments for metadata lazy-loading.
wp-includes/comment-template.php: wp_list_comments_args

Filters the arguments used in retrieving the comment list.
wp-includes/theme.php: current_theme_supports()

Checks a theme’s support for a given feature.
wp-includes/pluggable.php: is_user_logged_in()

Determines whether the current visitor is a logged in user.
wp-includes/query.php: get_query_var()

Retrieve variable in the WP_Query class.
wp-includes/query.php: set_query_var()

Set query variable.
wp-includes/functions.php: wp_parse_args()

Merge user defined arguments into defaults array.
wp-includes/class-wp-walker.php: Walker::paged_walk()

paged_walk() – produce a page of nested elements
wp-includes/plugin.php: apply_filters()

Calls the callback functions that have been added to a filter hook.
wp-includes/option.php: get_option()

Retrieves an option value based on an option name.
wp-includes/user.php: get_current_user_id()

Get the current user’s ID
wp-includes/post-template.php: get_the_ID()

Retrieve the ID of the current item in the WordPress Loop.
wp-includes/comment.php: separate_comments()

Separates an array of comments into an array keyed by comment_type.
wp-includes/comment.php: get_comment_pages_count()

Calculate the total number of comment pages.
wp-includes/comment.php: get_comments()

Retrieve a list of comments.
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Changelog Changelog

Changelog
Version Description
2.7.0 Introduced.

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User Contributed Notes User Contributed Notes

  1. Skip to note 1 content
    You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this noteVote results for this note: 2You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note
    Contributed by Mustafa KUCUK —

    If you are using WordPress 4.9.6 or higher and not showing “Comment is awaiting moderation” alert.

    You can follow the steps below.

    – ) Settings -> Discussion -> enable “Show comments cookies opt-in checkbox.”
    – ) After activating checkbox will show on comments form like this. “Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.”

    That’s it.

    If you want to customize this checkbox field, you can use this code.

    $comment_form = array(
    'fields' => array(
        'cookies' => '<p class="comment-form-cookies-consent"><input id="wp-comment-cookies-consent" name="wp-comment-cookies-consent" type="checkbox" value="yes"' . $consent . ' />' .
        '<label for="wp-comment-cookies-consent">' . __( 'Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.' ) . '</label></p>',
    ),
);

comment_form( $comment_form );
  2. Skip to note 2 content
    You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this noteVote results for this note: 1You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note
    Contributed by astatine85 —

    wp_list_comments() will not do anything by itself. It has to be called from inside the comments template file.

    An example:

    The page/post file where you want to insert comments:

    <?php comments_template('/comments.php'); ?>
<?php /* Calling just comments_template() is also fine */ ?>

    Then, in comments.php:

    <div>
	<?php /* Add conditional checks, styling and arguments here... */ ?>
	<?php wp_list_comments(); ?>
</div>
  5. Skip to note 5 content
    You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this noteVote results for this note: 0You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note
    Contributed by stevenlinx —

    Example migrated from Codex:

    Comments Only With A Custom Comment Display

    Displays just comments (no pingbacks or trackbacks) while using a custom callback function to control the look of the comment. You may want to add a max_depth=X parameter, if the reply links are not appearing.

    <ul class="commentlist">
<?php wp_list_comments( 'type=comment&callback=mytheme_comment' ); ?>
</ul>

    You will need to define your custom callback function in your theme’s functions.php file. Here is an example:

    function mytheme_comment($comment, $args, $depth) {
    if ( 'div' === $args['style'] ) {
        $tag       = 'div';
        $add_below = 'comment';
    } else {
        $tag       = 'li';
        $add_below = 'div-comment';
    }?>
    <<?php echo $tag; ?> <?php comment_class( empty( $args['has_children'] ) ? '' : 'parent' ); ?> id="comment-<?php comment_ID() ?>"><?php 
    if ( 'div' != $args['style'] ) { ?>
        <div id="div-comment-<?php comment_ID() ?>" class="comment-body"><?php
    } ?>
        <div class="comment-author vcard"><?php 
            if ( $args['avatar_size'] != 0 ) {
                echo get_avatar( $comment, $args['avatar_size'] ); 
            } 
            printf( __( '<cite class="fn">%s</cite> <span class="says">says:</span>' ), get_comment_author_link() ); ?>
        </div><?php 
        if ( $comment->comment_approved == '0' ) { ?>
            <em class="comment-awaiting-moderation"><?php _e( 'Your comment is awaiting moderation.' ); ?></em><br/><?php 
        } ?>
        <div class="comment-meta commentmetadata">
            <a href="<?php echo htmlspecialchars( get_comment_link( $comment->comment_ID ) ); ?>"><?php
                /* translators: 1: date, 2: time */
                printf( 
                    __('%1$s at %2$s'), 
                    get_comment_date(),  
                    get_comment_time() 
                ); ?>
            </a><?php 
            edit_comment_link( __( '(Edit)' ), '  ', '' ); ?>
        </div>

        <?php comment_text(); ?>

        <div class="reply"><?php 
                comment_reply_link( 
                    array_merge( 
                        $args, 
                        array( 
                            'add_below' => $add_below, 
                            'depth'     => $depth, 
                            'max_depth' => $args['max_depth'] 
                        ) 
                    ) 
                ); ?>
        </div><?php 
    if ( 'div' != $args['style'] ) : ?>
        </div><?php 
    endif;
}

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    Note the lack of a trailing </li>. In order to accommodate nested replies, WordPress will add the appropriate closing tag after listing any child elements.

  6. Skip to note 6 content
    You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this noteVote results for this note: 0You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note
    Contributed by stevenlinx —

    Example migrated from Codex:

    Outputs an ordered list of comments for a specific page or post. Things like threading or paging being enabled or disabled are controlled via the Settings Discussion SubPanel.

    <ol class="commentlist">
	<?php
		//Gather comments for a specific page/post 
		$comments = get_comments(array(
			'post_id' => XXX,
			'status' => 'approve' //Change this to the type of comments to be displayed
		));

		//Display the list of comments
		wp_list_comments(array(
			'per_page' => 10, //Allow comment pagination
			'reverse_top_level' => false //Show the oldest comments at the top of the list
		), $comments);
	?>
</ol>

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