get_terms( array|string $args = array(), array|string $deprecated = '' )

Retrieve the terms in a given taxonomy or list of taxonomies.

Contents

Description Description

You can fully inject any customizations to the query before it is sent, as well as control the output with a filter.

The ‘get_terms’ filter will be called when the cache has the term and will pass the found term along with the array of $taxonomies and array of $args. This filter is also called before the array of terms is passed and will pass the array of terms, along with the $taxonomies and $args.

The ‘list_terms_exclusions’ filter passes the compiled exclusions along with the $args.

The ‘get_terms_orderby’ filter passes the ORDER BY clause for the query along with the $args array.

Prior to 4.5.0, the first parameter of get_terms() was a taxonomy or list of taxonomies:

$terms = get_terms( 'post_tag', array(
    'hide_empty' => false,
) );

Since 4.5.0, taxonomies should be passed via the ‘taxonomy’ argument in the $args array:

$terms = get_terms( array(
    'taxonomy' => 'post_tag',
    'hide_empty' => false,
) );

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Parameters Parameters

$args

(array|string) (Optional) Array or string of arguments. See WP_Term_Query::__construct() for information on accepted arguments.

Default value: array()

$deprecated

(array|string) (Optional) Argument array, when using the legacy function parameter format. If present, this parameter will be interpreted as $args, and the first function parameter will be parsed as a taxonomy or array of taxonomies.

Default value: ''

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Return Return

(WP_Term[]|int|WP_Error) List of WP_Term instances and their children. Will return WP_Error, if any of taxonomies do not exist.

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Source Source

File: wp-includes/taxonomy.php 

function get_terms( $args = array(), $deprecated = '' ) {
	$term_query = new WP_Term_Query();

	$defaults = array(
		'suppress_filter' => false,
	);

	/*
	 * Legacy argument format ($taxonomy, $args) takes precedence.
	 *
	 * We detect legacy argument format by checking if
	 * (a) a second non-empty parameter is passed, or
	 * (b) the first parameter shares no keys with the default array (ie, it's a list of taxonomies)
	 */
	$_args          = wp_parse_args( $args );
	$key_intersect  = array_intersect_key( $term_query->query_var_defaults, (array) $_args );
	$do_legacy_args = $deprecated || empty( $key_intersect );

	if ( $do_legacy_args ) {
		$taxonomies       = (array) $args;
		$args             = wp_parse_args( $deprecated, $defaults );
		$args['taxonomy'] = $taxonomies;
	} else {
		$args = wp_parse_args( $args, $defaults );
		if ( isset( $args['taxonomy'] ) && null !== $args['taxonomy'] ) {
			$args['taxonomy'] = (array) $args['taxonomy'];
		}
	}

	if ( ! empty( $args['taxonomy'] ) ) {
		foreach ( $args['taxonomy'] as $taxonomy ) {
			if ( ! taxonomy_exists( $taxonomy ) ) {
				return new WP_Error( 'invalid_taxonomy', __( 'Invalid taxonomy.' ) );
			}
		}
	}

	// Don't pass suppress_filter to WP_Term_Query.
	$suppress_filter = $args['suppress_filter'];
	unset( $args['suppress_filter'] );

	$terms = $term_query->query( $args );

	// Count queries are not filtered, for legacy reasons.
	if ( ! is_array( $terms ) ) {
		return $terms;
	}

	if ( $suppress_filter ) {
		return $terms;
	}

	/**
	 * Filters the found terms.
	 *
	 * @since 2.3.0
	 * @since 4.6.0 Added the `$term_query` parameter.
	 *
	 * @param array         $terms      Array of found terms.
	 * @param array         $taxonomies An array of taxonomies.
	 * @param array         $args       An array of get_terms() arguments.
	 * @param WP_Term_Query $term_query The WP_Term_Query object.
	 */
	return apply_filters( 'get_terms', $terms, $term_query->query_vars['taxonomy'], $term_query->query_vars, $term_query );
}

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Uses Uses

Uses
Uses Description
wp-includes/class-wp-term-query.php: WP_Term_Query::__construct()

Constructor.
wp-includes/l10n.php: __()

Retrieve the translation of $text.
wp-includes/functions.php: wp_parse_args()

Merge user defined arguments into defaults array.
wp-includes/taxonomy.php: get_terms

Filters the found terms.
wp-includes/taxonomy.php: taxonomy_exists()

Determines whether the taxonomy name exists.
wp-includes/plugin.php: apply_filters()

Calls the callback functions that have been added to a filter hook.
wp-includes/class-wp-error.php: WP_Error::__construct()

Initialize the error.
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Used By Used By

Used By
Used By Description
wp-admin/includes/class-wp-posts-list-table.php: WP_Posts_List_Table::formats_dropdown()

Displays a formats drop-down for filtering items.
wp-admin/includes/post.php: taxonomy_meta_box_sanitize_cb_input()

Sanitizes POST values from an input taxonomy metabox.
wp-includes/rest-api/endpoints/class-wp-rest-terms-controller.php: WP_REST_Terms_Controller::get_items()

Retrieves terms associated with a taxonomy.
wp-includes/class-wp-term-query.php: WP_Term_Query::get_terms()

Get terms, based on query_vars.
wp-includes/class-wp-customize-nav-menus.php: WP_Customize_Nav_Menus::search_available_items_query()

Performs post queries for available-item searching.
wp-includes/class-wp-customize-nav-menus.php: WP_Customize_Nav_Menus::load_available_items_query()

Performs the post_type and taxonomy queries for loading available menu items.
wp-admin/includes/export.php: export_wp()

Generates the WXR export file for download.
wp-admin/includes/template.php: wp_terms_checklist()

Output an unordered list of checkbox input elements labelled with term names.
wp-admin/includes/template.php: wp_popular_terms_checklist()

Retrieve a list of the most popular terms from the specified taxonomy.
wp-admin/includes/template.php: wp_link_category_checklist()

Outputs a link category checklist element.
wp-admin/includes/ajax-actions.php: wp_ajax_get_tagcloud()

Ajax handler for getting a tagcloud.
wp-admin/includes/ajax-actions.php: wp_ajax_ajax_tag_search()

Ajax handler for tag search.
wp-admin/includes/class-wp-terms-list-table.php: WP_Terms_List_Table::display_rows_or_placeholder()
wp-admin/includes/nav-menu.php: _wp_ajax_menu_quick_search()

Prints the appropriate response to a menu quick search.
wp-admin/includes/nav-menu.php: wp_nav_menu_item_taxonomy_meta_box()

Displays a meta box for a taxonomy menu item.
wp-includes/class-walker-category.php: Walker_Category::start_el()

Starts the element output.
wp-includes/category-template.php: wp_tag_cloud()

Displays a tag cloud.
wp-includes/category-template.php: wp_dropdown_categories()

Display or retrieve the HTML dropdown list of categories.
wp-includes/category.php: get_tags()

Retrieves all post tags.
wp-includes/category.php: get_categories()

Retrieve list of category objects.
wp-includes/category.php: get_category_by_path()

Retrieve category based on URL containing the category slug.
wp-includes/deprecated.php: get_all_category_ids()

Retrieves all category IDs.
wp-includes/widgets/class-wp-widget-links.php: WP_Widget_Links::form()

Outputs the settings form for the Links widget.
wp-includes/taxonomy.php: _get_term_hierarchy()

Retrieves children of taxonomy as Term IDs.
wp-includes/taxonomy.php: wp_get_object_terms()

Retrieves the terms associated with the given object(s), in the supplied taxonomies.
wp-includes/taxonomy.php: wp_insert_term()

Add a new term to the database.
wp-includes/taxonomy.php: wp_count_terms()

Count how many terms are in Taxonomy.
wp-includes/taxonomy.php: get_term_by()

Get all Term data from database by Term field and data.
wp-includes/bookmark-template.php: wp_list_bookmarks()

Retrieve or echo all of the bookmarks.
wp-includes/nav-menu.php: wp_get_nav_menus()

Returns all navigation menu objects.
wp-includes/nav-menu.php: wp_get_nav_menu_items()

Retrieves all menu items of a navigation menu.
wp-includes/class-wp-xmlrpc-server.php: wp_xmlrpc_server::wp_getTerms()

Retrieve all terms for a taxonomy.
wp-includes/class-wp-xmlrpc-server.php: wp_xmlrpc_server::_insert_post()

Helper method for wp_newPost() and wp_editPost(), containing shared logic.
Show 28 more used by Hide more used by

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Changelog Changelog

Changelog
Version Description
4.8.0 Introduced 'suppress_filter' parameter.
4.5.0 Changed the function signature so that the $args array can be provided as the first parameter. Introduced 'meta_key' and 'meta_value' parameters. Introduced the ability to order results by metadata.
4.4.0 Introduced the ability to pass 'term_id' as an alias of 'id' for the orderby parameter. Introduced the 'meta_query' and 'update_term_meta_cache' parameters. Converted to return a list of WP_Term objects.
4.2.0 Introduced 'name' and 'childless' parameters.
2.3.0 Introduced.

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User Contributed Notes User Contributed Notes

  1. Skip to note 1 content
    You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this noteVote results for this note: 20You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note
    Contributed by kopernik1elfka —

    All get_terms attributes with default values:
    (I try default from this article and it didn’t work. This works.)

    $get_terms_default_attributes = array (
			'taxonomy' => 'category', //empty string(''), false, 0 don't work, and return empty array
			'orderby' => 'name',
			'order' => 'ASC',
			'hide_empty' => true, //can be 1, '1' too
			'include' => 'all', //empty string(''), false, 0 don't work, and return empty array
			'exclude' => 'all', //empty string(''), false, 0 don't work, and return empty array
			'exclude_tree' => 'all', //empty string(''), false, 0 don't work, and return empty array
			'number' => false, //can be 0, '0', '' too
			'offset' => '',
			'fields' => 'all',
			'name' => '',
			'slug' => '',
			'hierarchical' => true, //can be 1, '1' too
			'search' => '',
			'name__like' => '',
			'description__like' => '',
			'pad_counts' => false, //can be 0, '0', '' too
			'get' => '',
			'child_of' => false, //can be 0, '0', '' too
			'childless' => false,
			'cache_domain' => 'core',
			'update_term_meta_cache' => true, //can be 1, '1' too
			'meta_query' => '',
			'meta_key' => array(),
			'meta_value'=> '',
	);

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  2. Skip to note 2 content
    You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this noteVote results for this note: 17You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note
    Contributed by ancawonka —

    As of WordPress 4.6.1, here’s the array that’s returned (to add to Leo’s helpful note above)

    array(1) {
  [0]=>
  object(WP_Term) (11) {
    ["term_id"]=>  //int
    ["name"]=>	//string 
    ["slug"]=>  //string 
    ["term_group"]=>  //int
    ["term_taxonomy_id"]=> //int
    ["taxonomy"]=>	//string
    ["description"]=>	//string
    ["parent"]=>	//int
    ["count"]=>	// int
    ["filter"]=>	//string
    ["meta"]=> array(0) { // presumably this would be some returned meta-data?
    }
  }
}

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  4. Skip to note 4 content
    You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this noteVote results for this note: 8You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note
    Contributed by CdWritted —

    Get categories and subcategories by custom taxonomies:

    $taxonomies = get_terms( array(
	'taxonomy' => 'taxonomy_name',
	'hide_empty' => false
) );

if ( !empty($taxonomies) ) :
	$output = '<select>';
	foreach( $taxonomies as $category ) {
		if( $category->parent == 0 ) {
			$output.= '<optgroup label="'. esc_attr( $category->name ) .'">';
			foreach( $taxonomies as $subcategory ) {
				if($subcategory->parent == $category->term_id) {
				$output.= '<option value="'. esc_attr( $subcategory->term_id ) .'">
					'. esc_html( $subcategory->name ) .'</option>';
				}
			}
			$output.='</optgroup>';
		}
	}
	$output.='</select>';
	echo $output;
endif;

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  6. Skip to note 6 content
    You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this noteVote results for this note: 4You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note
    Contributed by znowebdev —

    Get all post categories ordered by count.

    String syntax:

    $categories = get_terms( 'category', 'orderby=count&hide_empty=0' );

    Array syntax:

    $categories = get_terms( 'category', array(
	'orderby'    => 'count',
	'hide_empty' => 0,
) );

    Get all the links categories:

    $my_links_categories = get_terms( 'link_category', 'orderby=count&hide_empty=0' );

    List all the terms in a custom taxonomy, without a link:

    $terms = get_terms( 'my_taxonomy' );
if ( ! empty( $terms ) && ! is_wp_error( $terms ) ){
	echo '<ul>';
	foreach ( $terms as $term ) {
		echo '<li>' . $term->name . '</li>';
	}
	echo '</ul>';
}

    List all the terms, with link to term archive, separated by an interpunct (ยท):

    $args = array( 'hide_empty=0' );

$terms = get_terms( 'my_term', $args );
if ( ! empty( $terms ) && ! is_wp_error( $terms ) ) {
	$count = count( $terms );
	$i = 0;
	$term_list = '<p class="my_term-archive">';
	foreach ( $terms as $term ) {
		$i++;
		$term_list .= '<a href="' . esc_url( get_term_link( $term ) ) . '" alt="' . esc_attr( sprintf( __( 'View all post filed under %s', 'my_localization_domain' ), $term->name ) ) . '">' . $term->name . '</a>';
		if ( $count != $i ) {
			$term_list .= ' &middot; ';
		}
		else {
			$term_list .= '</p>';
		}
	}
	echo $term_list;
}

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  7. Skip to note 7 content
    You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this noteVote results for this note: 4You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note
    Contributed by Khoi Pro —

    Working with Advanced Custom Fields (field type: Taxonomy, output: Object) for filtering taxonomies.

    Case: Create a filter with main categories defined by ACF field, and all another should belongs to *others*.

    Solution:

    // Define Featured Category IDs first
$featured_category_ids = array();
// It must be output WP_Object
$featured_categories = get_field('main_category_filters');

// Creating loop to insert IDs to array.
foreach( $featured_categories as $cat ) {
	$featured_category_ids[] = $cat->term_id;
}

// Now, if Featured Categories are match, add their IDs via 'exclude'
if( $featured_categories ) {
	$args = array(
		'taxonomy' => 'event_cat',
		'parent' => 0,
		'exclude' => $featured_category_ids
	);
} else {
    // If no featured, just display all terms
	$args = array(
		'taxonomy' => 'event_cat',
		'parent' => 0
	);
}

// Starting query terms now
$other_categories = get_terms($args);

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  11. Skip to note 11 content
    You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this noteVote results for this note: 0You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note
    Contributed by ctousignant —

    Meta Query using a custom field, and then ordering using a different custom field.

    $terms = get_terms( array(
    'taxonomy' => 'tax_slug',
    'hide_empty' => false,
    'meta_query' => array(
        [
            'key' => 'meta_key_slug_1',
            'value' => 'desired value to look for'
        ]
    ),
    'meta_key' => 'meta_key_slug_2',
    'orderby' => 'meta_key_slug_2'

) );

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  12. Skip to note 12 content
    You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this noteVote results for this note: -1You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note
    Contributed by Marco —

    Loop through taxonomy and list all subcategories.

        $taxonomy = 'my_taxonomy';

    function listTaxonomies($taxonomy,$term_id = '0') {
        $output = '';

        $args = array(
            'taxonomy' => $taxonomy,
            'parent' => $term_id
        );
        $categories = get_terms($args);

        if($categories) {
			$output.= '<div style="padding-left:2em;">';
            foreach( $categories as $category ) {
                $output.= esc_attr( $category->name ) . ' (' . $category->slug . ')<br>';
                $output.= listTaxonomies($taxonomy,$category->term_id);
            }
			$output.= '</div>';
        }
        return $output;
    }

    listTaxonomies($taxonomy);

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  13. Skip to note 13 content
    You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this noteVote results for this note: -3You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note
    Contributed by Ulugov —

    Get Terms filtered by first letter

    $authors = get_terms('book-authors', array('name__like' => $first_l));

function custom_tax_query( $pieces, $taxonomies, $args ) {
  if ( 'book-authors' == $taxonomies[0] ) {
    $pieces['where'] = str_replace("LIKE '%", "LIKE '", $pieces['where']);
  }
return $pieces;
}
  15. Skip to note 15 content
    You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this noteVote results for this note: -17You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note
    Contributed by Khoi Pro —

    Get Categories by custom post type with dropdown:

    function taxonomy_list_dropdown($type, $post_type) {
  $terms = get_terms($type);
  $category = taxonomy_current($type);

  if ( !empty( $terms ) &amp;&amp; !is_wp_error( $terms ) ){
    the_terms_list(
      'categories__dropdown icon-dropdown',
      array(
        'show_option_all'  => 'Click to filter',
        'taxonomy'         => $type,
        'current_category' => $category->term_id,
        'value_field'      => 'slug',
        'selected'         => $category->slug,
      ),
      'dropdown',
      'data-module-init="redirect-dropdown"'
    );
  }
}

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