Add a new column after an specific column. For example-

The code below adds a new column named “Wholesaler Price” After the price column of the WooCommerce product’s list table.

add_filter( 'manage_product_posts_columns', 'wpdocs_wholesale_price_column', 50 );
function wpdocs_wholesale_price_column( $columns ) {
    // Insert wholesale price column after the price column
    $columns = wpdocs_insert_element_after_specific_array_key( $columns, 'price', array(
        'key'   => 'wholesale_price',
        'value' => __( 'Wholesale Price', 'text-domain' ),
    ) );

    return $columns;
}

Helper function to insert an element after a specific array key

/**
 * It takes an array, a specific key, and a new element, and inserts the new element after the
 * specific key
 * 
 * @param array arr The array where you want to insert the new element.
 * @param string specific_key The key of the array element you want to insert after.
 * @param array new_element The new element to be inserted.
 * 
 * @return array
 */
function wpdocs_insert_element_after_specific_array_key( $arr, $specific_key, $new_element ) {
    if ( ! is_array( $arr ) || ! is_array( $new_element ) ) {
        return $arr;
    }

    if ( ! array_key_exists( $specific_key, $arr ) ) {
        return $arr;
    }

    $array_keys = array_keys( $arr );
    $start      = (int) array_search( $specific_key, $array_keys, true ) + 1; // Offset

    $spliced_arr             = array_splice( $arr, $start );
    $new_element_key         = $new_element['key'];
    $arr[ $new_element_key ] = $new_element['value'];
    $new_arr                 = array_merge( $arr, $spliced_arr );

    return $new_arr;
}