Walker_Nav_Menu::start_el( string $output, WP_Post $data_object, int $depth, stdClass $args = null, int $current_object_id )

Starts the element output.

Description

See also

Parameters

$outputstringrequired
Used to append additional content (passed by reference).
$data_objectWP_Postrequired
Menu item data object.
$depthintrequired
Depth of menu item. Used for padding.
$argsstdClassoptional
An object of wp_nav_menu() arguments.
More Arguments from wp_nav_menu( … $args )Array of nav menu arguments.
  • menu int|string|WP_Term
    Desired menu. Accepts a menu ID, slug, name, or object.
  • menu_class string
    CSS class to use for the ul element which forms the menu.
    Default 'menu'.
  • menu_id string
    The ID that is applied to the ul element which forms the menu.
    Default is the menu slug, incremented.
  • container string
    Whether to wrap the ul, and what to wrap it with.
    Default 'div'.
  • container_class string
    Class that is applied to the container.
    Default ‘menu-{menu slug}-container’.
  • container_id string
    The ID that is applied to the container.
  • container_aria_label string
    The aria-label attribute that is applied to the container when it’s a nav element.
  • fallback_cb callable|false
    If the menu doesn’t exist, a callback function will fire.
    Default is 'wp_page_menu'. Set to false for no fallback.
  • before string
    Text before the link markup.
  • after string
    Text after the link markup.
  • link_before string
    Text before the link text.
  • link_after string
    Text after the link text.
  • echo bool
    Whether to echo the menu or return it. Default true.
  • depth int
    How many levels of the hierarchy are to be included.
    0 means all. Default 0.
    Default 0.
  • walker object
    Instance of a custom walker class.
  • theme_location string
    Theme location to be used. Must be registered with register_nav_menu() in order to be selectable by the user.
  • items_wrap string
    How the list items should be wrapped. Uses printf() format with numbered placeholders. Default is a ul with an id and class.
  • item_spacing string
    Whether to preserve whitespace within the menu’s HTML.
    Accepts 'preserve' or 'discard'. Default 'preserve'.

Default:null

$current_object_idintoptional
ID of the current menu item. Default 0.

Source

public function start_el( &$output, $data_object, $depth = 0, $args = null, $current_object_id = 0 ) {
	// Restores the more descriptive, specific name for use within this method.
	$menu_item = $data_object;

	if ( isset( $args->item_spacing ) && 'discard' === $args->item_spacing ) {
		$t = '';
		$n = '';
	} else {
		$t = "\t";
		$n = "\n";
	}
	$indent = ( $depth ) ? str_repeat( $t, $depth ) : '';

	$classes   = empty( $menu_item->classes ) ? array() : (array) $menu_item->classes;
	$classes[] = 'menu-item-' . $menu_item->ID;

	/**
	 * Filters the arguments for a single nav menu item.
	 *
	 * @since 4.4.0
	 *
	 * @param stdClass $args      An object of wp_nav_menu() arguments.
	 * @param WP_Post  $menu_item Menu item data object.
	 * @param int      $depth     Depth of menu item. Used for padding.
	 */
	$args = apply_filters( 'nav_menu_item_args', $args, $menu_item, $depth );

	/**
	 * Filters the CSS classes applied to a menu item's list item element.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 * @since 4.1.0 The `$depth` parameter was added.
	 *
	 * @param string[] $classes   Array of the CSS classes that are applied to the menu item's `<li>` element.
	 * @param WP_Post  $menu_item The current menu item object.
	 * @param stdClass $args      An object of wp_nav_menu() arguments.
	 * @param int      $depth     Depth of menu item. Used for padding.
	 */
	$class_names = implode( ' ', apply_filters( 'nav_menu_css_class', array_filter( $classes ), $menu_item, $args, $depth ) );

	/**
	 * Filters the ID attribute applied to a menu item's list item element.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.1
	 * @since 4.1.0 The `$depth` parameter was added.
	 *
	 * @param string   $menu_item_id The ID attribute applied to the menu item's `<li>` element.
	 * @param WP_Post  $menu_item    The current menu item.
	 * @param stdClass $args         An object of wp_nav_menu() arguments.
	 * @param int      $depth        Depth of menu item. Used for padding.
	 */
	$id = apply_filters( 'nav_menu_item_id', 'menu-item-' . $menu_item->ID, $menu_item, $args, $depth );

	$li_atts          = array();
	$li_atts['id']    = ! empty( $id ) ? $id : '';
	$li_atts['class'] = ! empty( $class_names ) ? $class_names : '';

	/**
	 * Filters the HTML attributes applied to a menu's list item element.
	 *
	 * @since 6.3.0
	 *
	 * @param array $li_atts {
	 *     The HTML attributes applied to the menu item's `<li>` element, empty strings are ignored.
	 *
	 *     @type string $class        HTML CSS class attribute.
	 *     @type string $id           HTML id attribute.
	 * }
	 * @param WP_Post  $menu_item The current menu item object.
	 * @param stdClass $args      An object of wp_nav_menu() arguments.
	 * @param int      $depth     Depth of menu item. Used for padding.
	 */
	$li_atts       = apply_filters( 'nav_menu_item_attributes', $li_atts, $menu_item, $args, $depth );
	$li_attributes = $this->build_atts( $li_atts );

	$output .= $indent . '<li' . $li_attributes . '>';

	$atts           = array();
	$atts['title']  = ! empty( $menu_item->attr_title ) ? $menu_item->attr_title : '';
	$atts['target'] = ! empty( $menu_item->target ) ? $menu_item->target : '';
	if ( '_blank' === $menu_item->target && empty( $menu_item->xfn ) ) {
		$atts['rel'] = 'noopener';
	} else {
		$atts['rel'] = $menu_item->xfn;
	}

	if ( ! empty( $menu_item->url ) ) {
		if ( get_privacy_policy_url() === $menu_item->url ) {
			$atts['rel'] = empty( $atts['rel'] ) ? 'privacy-policy' : $atts['rel'] . ' privacy-policy';
		}

		$atts['href'] = $menu_item->url;
	} else {
		$atts['href'] = '';
	}

	$atts['aria-current'] = $menu_item->current ? 'page' : '';

	/**
	 * Filters the HTML attributes applied to a menu item's anchor element.
	 *
	 * @since 3.6.0
	 * @since 4.1.0 The `$depth` parameter was added.
	 *
	 * @param array $atts {
	 *     The HTML attributes applied to the menu item's `<a>` element, empty strings are ignored.
	 *
	 *     @type string $title        Title attribute.
	 *     @type string $target       Target attribute.
	 *     @type string $rel          The rel attribute.
	 *     @type string $href         The href attribute.
	 *     @type string $aria-current The aria-current attribute.
	 * }
	 * @param WP_Post  $menu_item The current menu item object.
	 * @param stdClass $args      An object of wp_nav_menu() arguments.
	 * @param int      $depth     Depth of menu item. Used for padding.
	 */
	$atts       = apply_filters( 'nav_menu_link_attributes', $atts, $menu_item, $args, $depth );
	$attributes = $this->build_atts( $atts );

	/** This filter is documented in wp-includes/post-template.php */
	$title = apply_filters( 'the_title', $menu_item->title, $menu_item->ID );

	/**
	 * Filters a menu item's title.
	 *
	 * @since 4.4.0
	 *
	 * @param string   $title     The menu item's title.
	 * @param WP_Post  $menu_item The current menu item object.
	 * @param stdClass $args      An object of wp_nav_menu() arguments.
	 * @param int      $depth     Depth of menu item. Used for padding.
	 */
	$title = apply_filters( 'nav_menu_item_title', $title, $menu_item, $args, $depth );

	$item_output  = $args->before;
	$item_output .= '<a' . $attributes . '>';
	$item_output .= $args->link_before . $title . $args->link_after;
	$item_output .= '</a>';
	$item_output .= $args->after;

	/**
	 * Filters a menu item's starting output.
	 *
	 * The menu item's starting output only includes `$args->before`, the opening `<a>`,
	 * the menu item's title, the closing `</a>`, and `$args->after`. Currently, there is
	 * no filter for modifying the opening and closing `<li>` for a menu item.
	 *
	 * @since 3.0.0
	 *
	 * @param string   $item_output The menu item's starting HTML output.
	 * @param WP_Post  $menu_item   Menu item data object.
	 * @param int      $depth       Depth of menu item. Used for padding.
	 * @param stdClass $args        An object of wp_nav_menu() arguments.
	 */
	$output .= apply_filters( 'walker_nav_menu_start_el', $item_output, $menu_item, $depth, $args );
}

Hooks

apply_filters( ‘nav_menu_css_class’, string[] $classes, WP_Post $menu_item, stdClass $args, int $depth )

Filters the CSS classes applied to a menu item’s list item element.

apply_filters( ‘nav_menu_item_args’, stdClass $args, WP_Post $menu_item, int $depth )

Filters the arguments for a single nav menu item.

apply_filters( ‘nav_menu_item_attributes’, array $li_atts, WP_Post $menu_item, stdClass $args, int $depth )

Filters the HTML attributes applied to a menu’s list item element.

apply_filters( ‘nav_menu_item_id’, string $menu_item_id, WP_Post $menu_item, stdClass $args, int $depth )

Filters the ID attribute applied to a menu item’s list item element.

apply_filters( ‘nav_menu_item_title’, string $title, WP_Post $menu_item, stdClass $args, int $depth )

Filters a menu item’s title.

apply_filters( ‘nav_menu_link_attributes’, array $atts, WP_Post $menu_item, stdClass $args, int $depth )

Filters the HTML attributes applied to a menu item’s anchor element.

apply_filters( ‘the_title’, string $post_title, int $post_id )

Filters the post title.

apply_filters( ‘walker_nav_menu_start_el’, string $item_output, WP_Post $menu_item, int $depth, stdClass $args )

Filters a menu item’s starting output.

Changelog

VersionDescription
5.9.0Renamed $item to $data_object and $id to $current_object_id to match parent class for PHP 8 named parameter support.
4.4.0The 'nav_menu_item_args' filter was added.
3.0.0Introduced.

User Contributed Notes

  1. Skip to note 2 content

    Found that and i think it may be useful
    The variable $item is an object that represents the an item of the menu. This is an example of a custom link:

    object(WP_Post)#497 (40) {
      ["ID"]=&gt;
      int(160)
      ["post_author"]=&gt;
      string(1) "1"
      ["post_date"]=&gt;
      string(19) "2016-03-26 17:59:07"
      ["post_date_gmt"]=&gt;
      string(19) "2016-03-26 17:59:07"
      ["post_content"]=&gt;
      string(15) "Home Sweet Home"
      ["post_title"]=&gt;
      string(4) "Home"
      ["post_excerpt"]=&gt;
      string(0) ""
      ["post_status"]=&gt;
      string(7) "publish"
      ["comment_status"]=&gt;
      string(6) "closed"
      ["ping_status"]=&gt;
      string(6) "closed"
      ["post_password"]=&gt;
      string(0) ""
      ["post_name"]=&gt;
      string(4) "home"
      ["to_ping"]=&gt;
      string(0) ""
      ["pinged"]=&gt;
      string(0) ""
      ["post_modified"]=&gt;
      string(19) "2016-08-31 23:53:19"
      ["post_modified_gmt"]=&gt;
      string(19) "2016-08-31 21:53:19"
      ["post_content_filtered"]=&gt;
      string(0) ""
      ["post_parent"]=&gt;
      int(0)
      ["guid"]=&gt;
      string(33) "http://localhost/wordpress/?p=160&quot;
      ["menu_order"]=&gt;
      int(1)
      ["post_type"]=&gt;
      string(13) "nav_menu_item"
      ["post_mime_type"]=&gt;
      string(0) ""
      ["comment_count"]=&gt;
      string(1) "0"
      ["filter"]=&gt;
      string(3) "raw"
      ["db_id"]=&gt;
      int(160)
      ["menu_item_parent"]=&gt;
      string(1) "0"
      ["object_id"]=&gt;
      string(3) "160"
      ["object"]=&gt;
      string(6) "custom"
      ["type"]=&gt;
      string(6) "custom"
      ["type_label"]=&gt;
      string(11) "Custom Link"
      ["title"]=&gt;
      string(4) "Home"
      ["url"]=&gt;
      string(27) "http://localhost/wordpress/&quot;
      ["target"]=&gt;
      string(0) ""
      ["attr_title"]=&gt;
      string(0) ""
      ["description"]=&gt;
      string(15) "Home Sweet Home"
      ["classes"]=&gt;
      array(7) {
        [0]=&gt;
        string(0) ""
        [1]=&gt;
        string(9) "menu-item"
        [2]=&gt;
        string(21) "menu-item-type-custom"
        [3]=&gt;
        string(23) "menu-item-object-custom"
        [4]=&gt;
        string(17) "current-menu-item"
        [5]=&gt;
        string(17) "current_page_item"
        [6]=&gt;
        string(14) "menu-item-home"
      }
      ["xfn"]=&gt;
      string(0) ""
      ["current"]=&gt;
      bool(true)
      ["current_item_ancestor"]=&gt;
      bool(false)
      ["current_item_parent"]=&gt;
      bool(false)
    }

    The variable $args contains every information we pass into the function wp_nav_menu. This can be used to enter some information from the arguments into our WordPress custom menu.

    object(stdClass)#486 (16) {
      ["menu"]=&gt;
      object(WP_Term)#489 (10) {
        ["term_id"]=&gt;
        int(6)
        ["name"]=&gt;
        string(12) "Primary Menu"
        ["slug"]=&gt;
        string(12) "primary-menu"
        ["term_group"]=&gt;
        int(0)
        ["term_taxonomy_id"]=&gt;
        int(6)
        ["taxonomy"]=&gt;
        string(8) "nav_menu"
        ["description"]=&gt;
        string(0) ""
        ["parent"]=&gt;
        int(0)
        ["count"]=&gt;
        int(7)
        ["filter"]=&gt;
        string(3) "raw"
      }
      ["container"]=&gt;
      string(3) "div"
      ["container_class"]=&gt;
      string(0) ""
      ["container_id"]=&gt;
      string(0) ""
      ["menu_class"]=&gt;
      string(12) "primary-menu"
      ["menu_id"]=&gt;
      string(0) ""
      ["echo"]=&gt;
      bool(true)
      ["fallback_cb"]=&gt;
      string(12) "wp_page_menu"
      ["before"]=&gt;
      string(0) ""
      ["after"]=&gt;
      string(0) ""
      ["link_before"]=&gt;
      string(0) ""
      ["link_after"]=&gt;
      string(0) ""
      ["items_wrap"]=&gt;
      string(36) "<ul>%3$s</ul>"
      ["depth"]=&gt;
      int(0)
      ["walker"]=&gt;
      object(IBenic_Walker)#484 (4) {
        ["tree_type"]=&gt;
        array(3) {
          [0]=&gt;
          string(9) "post_type"
          [1]=&gt;
          string(8) "taxonomy"
          [2]=&gt;
          string(6) "custom"
        }
        ["db_fields"]=&gt;
        array(2) {
          ["parent"]=&gt;
          string(16) "menu_item_parent"
          ["id"]=&gt;
          string(5) "db_id"
        }
        ["max_pages"]=&gt;
        int(1)
        ["has_children"]=&gt;
        bool(false)
      }
      ["theme_location"]=&gt;
      string(7) "primary"
    }

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