In the previous part we added an ability to create new pages,
and in this part we will add a Delete feature to our app.
Here’s a glimpse of what we’re going to build:
Step 1: Add a Delete button
Let’s start by creating the DeletePageButton component and updating the user interface of our PagesList component:
import { Button } from '@wordpress/components';
import { decodeEntities } from '@wordpress/html-entities';
const DeletePageButton = () => (
<Button variant="primary">
Delete
</Button>
)
function PagesList( { hasResolved, pages } ) {
if ( ! hasResolved ) {
return <Spinner />;
}
if ( ! pages?.length ) {
return <div>No results</div>;
}
return (
<table className="wp-list-table widefat fixed striped table-view-list">
<thead>
<tr>
<td>Title</td>
<td style={{width: 190}}>Actions</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{ pages?.map( ( page ) => (
<tr key={page.id}>
<td>{ decodeEntities( page.title.rendered ) }</td>
<td>
<div className="form-buttons">
<PageEditButton pageId={ page.id } />
{/* This is the only change in the PagesList component */}
<DeletePageButton pageId={ page.id }/>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
) ) }
</tbody>
</table>
);
}
This is what the PagesList should look like now:
Step 2: Wire the button to a delete action
In Gutenberg data, we delete entity records from the WordPress REST API using the deleteEntityRecord action. It sends the request, processes the result, and updates the cached data in the Redux state.
Here’s how you can try deleting entity records in your browser’s dev tools:
// We need a valid page ID to call deleteEntityRecord, so let's get the first available one using getEntityRecords.
const pageId = wp.data.select( 'core' ).getEntityRecords( 'postType', 'page' )[0].id;
// Now let's delete that page:
const promise = wp.data.dispatch( 'core' ).deleteEntityRecord( 'postType', 'page', pageId );
// promise gets resolved or rejected when the API request succeeds or fails.
Once the REST API request is finished, you will notice one of the pages has disappeared from the list. This is because that list is populated by the useSelect() hook and the select( coreDataStore ).getEntityRecords( 'postType', 'page' ) selector. Anytime the underlying data changes, the list gets re-rendered with fresh data. That’s pretty convenient!
Let’s dispatch that action when DeletePageButton is clicked:
const DeletePageButton = ({ pageId }) => {
const { deleteEntityRecord } = useDispatch( coreDataStore );
const handleDelete = () => deleteEntityRecord( 'postType', 'page', pageId );
return (
<Button variant="primary" onClick={ handleDelete }>
Delete
</Button>
);
}
Step 3: Add visual feedback
It may take a few moments for the REST API request to finish after clicking the Delete button. Let’s communicate that with a <Spinner /> component similarly to what we did in the previous parts of this tutorial.
We’ll need the isDeletingEntityRecord selector for that. It is similar to the isSavingEntityRecord selector we’ve already seen in part 3: it returns true or false and never issues any HTTP requests:
const DeletePageButton = ({ pageId }) => {
// ...
const { isDeleting } = useSelect(
select => ({
isDeleting: select( coreDataStore ).isDeletingEntityRecord( 'postType', 'page', pageId ),
}),
[ pageId ]
)
return (
<Button variant="primary" onClick={ handleDelete } disabled={ isDeleting }>
{ isDeleting ? (
<>
<Spinner />
Deleting...
</>
) : 'Delete' }
</Button>
);
}
Here’s what it looks like in action:
Step 4: Handle errors
We optimistically assumed that a delete operation would always succeed. Unfortunately, under the hood, it is a REST API request that can fail in many ways:
- The website can be down.
- The delete request may be invalid.
- The page could have been deleted by someone else in the meantime.
To tell the user when any of these errors happen, we need to extract the error information using the getLastEntityDeleteError selector:
// Replace 9 with an actual page ID
wp.data.select( 'core' ).getLastEntityDeleteError( 'postType', 'page', 9 )
Here’s how we can apply it in DeletePageButton:
import { useEffect } from 'react';
const DeletePageButton = ({ pageId }) => {
// ...
const { error, /* ... */ } = useSelect(
select => ( {
error: select( coreDataStore ).getLastEntityDeleteError( 'postType', 'page', pageId ),
// ...
} ),
[pageId]
);
useEffect( () => {
if ( error ) {
// Display the error
}
}, [error] )
// ...
}
The error object comes from the @wordpress/api-fetch and contains information about the error. It has the following properties:
message– a human-readable error message such asInvalid post ID.code– a string-based error code such asrest_post_invalid_id. To learn about all possible error codes you’d need to refer to the/v2/pagesendpoint’s source code.data(optional) – error details, contains thecodeproperty containing the HTTP response code for the failed request.
There are many ways to turn that object into an error message, but in this tutorial, we will display the error.message.
WordPress has an established pattern of displaying status information using the Snackbar component. Here’s what it looks like in the Widgets editor:
Let’s use the same type of notifications in our plugin! There are two parts to this:
- Displaying notifications
- Dispatching notifications
Displaying notifications
Our application only knows how to display pages but does not know how to display notifications. Let’s tell it!
WordPress conveniently provides us with all the React components we need to render notifications. A component called Snackbar represents a single notification:
We won’t use Snackbar directly, though. We’ll use the SnackbarList component, which can display multiple notices using smooth animations and automatically hide them after a few seconds. In fact, WordPress uses the same component used in the Widgets editor and other wp-admin pages!
Let’s create our own Notifications components:
import { SnackbarList } from '@wordpress/components';
import { store as noticesStore } from '@wordpress/notices';
function Notifications() {
const notices = []; // We'll come back here in a second!
return (
<SnackbarList
notices={ notices }
className="components-editor-notices__snackbar"
/>
);
}
The basic structure is in place, but the list of notifications it renders is empty. How do we populate it? We’ll lean on the same package as WordPress: @wordpress/notices.
Here’s how:
import { SnackbarList } from '@wordpress/components';
import { store as noticesStore } from '@wordpress/notices';
function Notifications() {
const notices = useSelect(
( select ) => select( noticesStore ).getNotices(),
[]
);
const { removeNotice } = useDispatch( noticesStore );
const snackbarNotices = notices.filter( ({ type }) => type === 'snackbar' );
return (
<SnackbarList
notices={ snackbarNotices }
className="components-editor-notices__snackbar"
onRemove={ removeNotice }
/>
);
}
function MyFirstApp() {
// ...
return (
<div>
{/* ... */}
<Notifications />
</div>
);
}
This tutorial is focused on managing the pages and won’t discuss the above snippet in detail. If you’re interested in the details of @wordpress/notices, the handbook page is a good place to start.
Now we’re ready to tell the user about any errors that may have occurred.
Dispatching notifications
With the SnackbarNotices component in place, we’re ready to dispatch some notifications! Here’s how:
import { useEffect } from 'react';
import { store as noticesStore } from '@wordpress/notices';
function DeletePageButton( { pageId } ) {
const { createSuccessNotice, createErrorNotice } = useDispatch( noticesStore );
// useSelect returns a list of selectors if you pass the store handle
// instead of a callback:
const { getLastEntityDeleteError } = useSelect( coreDataStore )
const handleDelete = async () => {
const success = await deleteEntityRecord( 'postType', 'page', pageId);
if ( success ) {
// Tell the user the operation succeeded:
createSuccessNotice( "The page was deleted!", {
type: 'snackbar',
} );
} else {
// We use the selector directly to get the fresh error *after* the deleteEntityRecord
// have failed.
const lastError = getLastEntityDeleteError( 'postType', 'page', pageId );
const message = ( lastError?.message || 'There was an error.' ) + ' Please refresh the page and try again.'
// Tell the user how exactly the operation has failed:
createErrorNotice( message, {
type: 'snackbar',
} );
}
}
// ...
}
Great! DeletePageButton is now fully aware of errors. Let’s see that error message in action. We’ll trigger an invalid delete and let it fail. One way to do this is to multiply the pageId by a large number:
function DeletePageButton( { pageId, onCancel, onSaveFinished } ) {
pageId = pageId * 1000;
// ...
}
Once you refresh the page and click any Delete button, you should see the following error message:
Fantastic! We can now remove the pageId = pageId * 1000; line.
Let’s now try actually deleting a page. Here’s what you should see after refreshing your browser and clicking the Delete button:
And that’s it!
Wiring it all together
All the pieces are in place, great! Here’s all the changes we’ve made in this chapter:
import { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
import { useSelect, useDispatch } from '@wordpress/data';
import { Button, Modal, TextControl } from '@wordpress/components';
function MyFirstApp() {
const [searchTerm, setSearchTerm] = useState( '' );
const { pages, hasResolved } = useSelect(
( select ) => {
const query = {};
if ( searchTerm ) {
query.search = searchTerm;
}
const selectorArgs = ['postType', 'page', query];
const pages = select( coreDataStore ).getEntityRecords( ...selectorArgs );
return {
pages,
hasResolved: select( coreDataStore ).hasFinishedResolution(
'getEntityRecords',
selectorArgs,
),
};
},
[searchTerm],
);
return (
<div>
<div className="list-controls">
<SearchControl onChange={ setSearchTerm } value={ searchTerm }/>
<PageCreateButton/>
</div>
<PagesList hasResolved={ hasResolved } pages={ pages }/>
<Notifications />
</div>
);
}
function SnackbarNotices() {
const notices = useSelect(
( select ) => select( noticesStore ).getNotices(),
[]
);
const { removeNotice } = useDispatch( noticesStore );
const snackbarNotices = notices.filter( ( { type } ) => type === 'snackbar' );
return (
<SnackbarList
notices={ snackbarNotices }
className="components-editor-notices__snackbar"
onRemove={ removeNotice }
/>
);
}
function PagesList( { hasResolved, pages } ) {
if ( !hasResolved ) {
return <Spinner/>;
}
if ( !pages?.length ) {
return <div>No results</div>;
}
return (
<table className="wp-list-table widefat fixed striped table-view-list">
<thead>
<tr>
<td>Title</td>
<td style={ { width: 190 } }>Actions</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{ pages?.map( ( page ) => (
<tr key={ page.id }>
<td>{ page.title.rendered }</td>
<td>
<div className="form-buttons">
<PageEditButton pageId={ page.id }/>
<DeletePageButton pageId={ page.id }/>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
) ) }
</tbody>
</table>
);
}
function DeletePageButton( { pageId } ) {
const { createSuccessNotice, createErrorNotice } = useDispatch( noticesStore );
// useSelect returns a list of selectors if you pass the store handle
// instead of a callback:
const { getLastEntityDeleteError } = useSelect( coreDataStore )
const handleDelete = async () => {
const success = await deleteEntityRecord( 'postType', 'page', pageId);
if ( success ) {
// Tell the user the operation succeeded:
createSuccessNotice( "The page was deleted!", {
type: 'snackbar',
} );
} else {
// We use the selector directly to get the error at this point in time.
// Imagine we fetched the error like this:
// const { lastError } = useSelect( function() { /* ... */ } );
// Then, lastError would be null inside of handleDelete.
// Why? Because we'd refer to the version of it that was computed
// before the handleDelete was even called.
const lastError = getLastEntityDeleteError( 'postType', 'page', pageId );
const message = ( lastError?.message || 'There was an error.' ) + ' Please refresh the page and try again.'
// Tell the user how exactly the operation have failed:
createErrorNotice( message, {
type: 'snackbar',
} );
}
}
const { deleteEntityRecord } = useDispatch( coreDataStore );
const { isDeleting } = useSelect(
select => ( {
isDeleting: select( coreDataStore ).isDeletingEntityRecord( 'postType', 'page', pageId ),
} ),
[ pageId ]
);
return (
<Button variant="primary" onClick={ handleDelete } disabled={ isDeleting }>
{ isDeleting ? (
<>
<Spinner />
Deleting...
</>
) : 'Delete' }
</Button>
);
}
What’s next?
- Previous part: Building a Create page form
- (optional) Review the finished app in the block-development-examples repository